Standard Gates

Basic Gates

The following are the most common or well-known gates in quantum computing. All of these allow for any number of target_qubits.

• I: Identity gate (this has no effect on a qubit but might be used for clarification)
• X: Standard X gate
• Y: Standard Y gate
• Z: Standard Z gate
• S: Standard S gate
• T: Standard T gate
• H: Standard Hadamard Gate

R-value Gates

The following are R-value gates that require an rvalue (or rvalue_expr, rvalue_dyadic_denom) to be specified in the gate definition. For example:

{
    "gate_type": "Rx",
    "rvalue": 0.4,
    "target_qubits": [1]
}    

• R1: Standard R1 gate
• Rx: Standard Rx gate
• Ry: Standard Ry gate
• Rz: Standard Rz gate

Controlled Gates

Note that any of the above gates can be controlled by simply specifying the control_qubits and a single target_qubit in the gate definition. However, the following are provided for compatibility and standardization with other systems.

• CNOT: The controlled NOT gate. Note that this is identical to the following gate definition, where the 0 qubit is the control and the 1 qubit is the target:

  {
      "gate_type": "X",
      "control_qubits": [0],
      "target_qubits": [1]
  }    
  

• CZ: The controlled Z gate. Note that this is identical to the following gate definition, where the 0 qubit is the control and the 1 qubit is the target:

  {
      "gate_type": "Z",
      "control_qubits": [0],
      "target_qubits": [1]
  }    
  

Measurement Gates

Measurement gates collapse the state of a qubit. Refer to the rand_source_type gate object property to learn more about the randomness used to simulate quantum collapse.

• M or Mz: Measurement gate in the Z-basis.
• Mx: Measurement gate in the X-basis.
• My: Measurement gate in the Y-basis.
• Mz: Measurement gate in the Z-basis.

Miscellaneous Gates

• SWAP: Swaps the two qubits specified in target_qubits.